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Agronomic Practices |
Field Preparation |
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The best type of soil for groundnut
cultivation is one which well drained, light coloured, loose
friable, sandy loam, well supplied with calcium and
moderate amount of organic matter.
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In U.P. it is grown in alluvial sandy to loamy soil, while in
M.P., Maharashtra, Gujrat, A.P., Karnataka the crop is taken in
black cotton and red soil.
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If the field is having weed problem then stale seed bed
technique can be used.
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Let a heavy flush of weeds emerge and be destroyed with
herbicide before sowing the crop, without any tillage on it.
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Most of the weeds seeds germinate from the top 5cm of
soil surface in about a weeks time, these weed seedlings can be
destroyed either with a contact herbicide or by shallow type
tillage implement like a spike tooth harrow.
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In stale seed bed technique depending upon the availability of
time and resources one or two flushes of weeds can be destroyed
before planting of the crop.
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Seed & Sowing |
- To make the seed free from seed-borne diseases, the dehusked kernels may be treated with Ceresan or Captan or
Agrosan GN.
- To treat one kg seed 2-3 g of fungicide is sufficient.
- First seed treatment should be done and after that the seed
should be inoculated with suitable Rhizobium culture.
- Application of 5 packets rhizobium culture per hectare is
recommended.
- For inoculation use 5 percent jaggery solution of normal
temperature, then dip the seeds in the solution and mix it.
- Remove the seeds and dry in shade and then use for sowing.
- Care should be taken not to dry the seeds in the sun.
- PSB treatment can also be done after rhizobium inoculation.
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Harvest
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- Harvesting should be done, only when more then 90 % of the
pods mature.
- On maturity the pods and the grains turn golden brown in colour.
- Manual harvesting is done by cutting with help of sickle.
- The harvested stalks should be stalked by making straight
heaps on pucca floor.
- After harvesting the grains are left in the open sun for
drying.
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