Integrated Pest Management

Potassium Deficiency

Symptoms

• The deficiency occurs in light soils especially when N and P alone are applied without FYM.
• Leaves of deficient plants do not grow normally and appear irregular in shape.
• In matured leaves instead of normal uniform green colour, there is yellowish green colour, spreading from the leaf apex and along the leaf margins to middle of the leaf.
• But the areas around the vein remain normal.

Remedies

• Apply muriate of potash equivalent to 16-20 kg K2O/acre.

Resources

• POTASSIUM CONTENT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS (%)
  Muriate of Potash 60%
  Gromore 14%

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Calcium Deficiency

Symptoms

• The deficiency is normally seen in light alkaline or light soils.
• Tender parts of stem and roots are damaged and growth remains stunted.
• Depressions can be observed on tender leaves and on under surface of the leaves.
• Tender leaves are curled up.

Remedies

• Apply 200 kg of gypsum/acre at peg formation stage, which can correct both calcium & sulphur deficiency.

Resources

• Calcium CONTENT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS (%)
  Calcium Chelate 1 - 4%
  Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
  Calcium Nitrate

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Iron Deficiency

Symptoms

• The deficiency mostly occur in calcareous soil or when water containing high bicarbonate and carbonates are used for irrigation.
• Interveinal chlorosis occurs initially due to deficiency of iron. later, the entire leaf may turn chlorotic.
• In case of severe deficiency, the entire lamina may become chlorotic or white.

Remedies

• Spray 5 g ferrous sulphate with 1 g citric acid per litre of water, at weekly intervals till deficiency symptoms disappear.

Resources

• IRON CONTENT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS (%)
   Ferrous Sulphate 20%
   Iron Chelate Na.FeEDTA 12%

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Zinc Deficiency

Symptoms

• The deficiency occur in light and calcareous soil or in soil irrigated with water containing high bicarbonate and carbonate ions.
• Zinc deficient leaves appear small with short internodes, and as a cluster or rosette.
• Inter-veinal chlorosis also results.

Remedies

• Spray zinc sulphate 2 g/l of water, two or three times at weekly intervals.
• For every three cropping seasons soil application of zinc sulphate 20 kg/acre prevent appearance of zinc deficiency.

Resources

• ZINC CONTENT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS (%)
  Zinc Sulphate 22 - 35%
  Zinc Chelate NaZnGHEDTA 09%

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Sulphur Deficiency

Symptoms

• Young plants are smaller than normal.
• Young leaves appear small and yellowish-green.
• Due to erectness of the petiole, the leaflets are seen in the form of 'V'.
• Reduction in number of root nodules lowers the N fixation leading to chlorotic appearance of leaves.
• Plant growth is also stunted.
• Nodulation and pod formation is restricted and maturity of seeds is delayed.

Remedies

• Apply super phosphate or gypsum 200 kg/acre at planting or pegging stage.

Resources

• SULPHUR CONTENT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS (%)
  Ammonium Sulphate 24%
  Single Super Phosphate 12%
  Paramphos 15%

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